Two events on a June 14
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Mariner 5 - USA Venus Flyby - 244 kg - was launched on June 14, 1967.
Mariner 5 arrived at Venus on October 19, 1967, one day after Venera 4. It passed within 3,900 kilometers of the planet's surface.
It studied the Venusian magnetic field and found that its atmosphere was composed of 85-99% carbon dioxide. It is now in a solar orbit.
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Venera 10 - USSR Venus Orbiter and Lander - 5,033 kg was launched on June 14, 1975 (7 days after its sister spacecraft, Venera 9).
Venera 10 arrived at Venus on October 25, 1975, three days after its sister spacecraft Venera 9.
Both orbiters photographed the clouds and looked at the upper atmosphere. Differences in cloud layers were discovered at 57-70 kilometers, 52-57 kilometers, and 49-52 kilometers from the surface. The lander arrived on the Venusian surface on November 25, 1975. During a period of 65 minutes, it transmitted black and white images of the planets surface.
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