Venera 4 - USSR Venus Atmospheric Probe - 1,104 kg - had been launched on June 12, 1967.
It would arrive at Venus on October 18, 1967.
This was the first probe to be placed directly into the atmosphere and to return atmospheric data. It showed that the atmosphere was 90-95% carbon dioxide. It detected no nitrogen. The surface temperature reading was 500°C and pressure reading was 75 bar. It was crushed by the pressure on Venus before it reached the surface.
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