Venera 9 - USSR Venus Orbiter and Lander - 4,936 kg had been launched on June 8, 1975.
Venera 9 arrived at Venus on October 22, 1975, three days before its sister spacecraft Venera 10.
Both orbiters photographed the clouds and looked at the upper atmosphere of the planet.
Differences in cloud layers were discovered at 57-70 kilometers, 52-57 kilometers, and 49-52 kilometers from the surface.
The lander arrived on the Venusian surface on November 22, 1975. During a period of 53 minutes, it transmitted the first black and white images of the planets surface. It showed sharp-edged flat rocks and a basaltic terrain. The probe in now in an orbit around Venus.
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